Morpheus the God

The Greek god, Morpheus, also known as ‘He who forms', is the Greek god of dreams. The Greeks believed that he shaped and formed dreams for mortals. Morpheus played an important role as a god; he was the leader of the Oneriroi tribe. The tribe was made up of himself and his three brothers, Icelus, Phobetor and Phantos. The Oneriroi were a well-known tribe and had the duty of creating dreams for humans. They were often asked to create dreams to warn mortals of danger and future experiences.This was especially important in the case of kings, queens, heroes and heroines, such as Queen Penelope and Agamemnon. Icelus was the creator of dreams of reality and truth. Phobetor represented fearsome and alarming dream, playing a role in dreams in the form of an animal. Phantos, as you may notice by his name, created dreams of fantasy; these were often the most strange and unrealistic dreams of all. He would appear in dreams as inanimate objects, such as earth, rocks, water and plants. Mor pheus, the leader of the tribe, was the vital dream creator, appearing as humans in a dream.Unlike his brothers however, Morpheus could simply send thoughts and objects into dreams, without having to play a role in them himself. The Oneriroi lived at the coast, on the seashores. Morpheus, during his lifetime, is said to have lived in a dark cave, filled with poppy flowers. Morphine, a well-known painkilling drug, which is derived from poppy flowers and induces a dream-like state, is named after Morpheus, the Greek god of dreams. Morpheus’s uncle is Thanatos, the God of Death. His grandparents are Nyx, Goddess of Night and Erebus, God of Darkness.Morpheus was said to be romantically involved with Iris, the Goddess of the Rainbow. As a god, Morpheus possesses the natural powers & abilities of an Olympian god such as immortality, omnipresence, vast strength, and the potential to do magic such as the ability to shape-shift, to teleport and to manifest objects. As the God of Sleep he makes mortals and other gods fall asleep in his â€Å"sleep blanket†. However, even he is not immune to falling asleep in this blanket, as seen in the episode Hercules and the All-Nighter. Morpheus also appears to bring the night by dragging his blanket across the sky.

Indigenous knowledge Essay

The project is the instrument for supporting, collecting and storing indigenous knowledge provided by the diverse community population. As long as the project is aimed at creating neighbourhood portals to store oral, pictorial and other creations of community members (Vancouver Community Network, 2001), the use of this tool will lead to effective sharing and transferring the indigenous knowledge among different community members. Funding issues Funding remains one of the most problematic areas in any non-profit community-based project. (Baum, HS 2001, p. 21) As a result, the current project does not provide the readers with sufficient financial information. It is understandable, that Vancouver Community Network is a stable developing organisation with financial issues professionally addressed (brief information is provided on the system of organization’s revenues, membership fees and similar financial data). (Vancouver Community Network, 2001) It is yet unclear, what the exact resources of project financing would be and how they would comply with the community project requirements. Organizational challenges and dilemmas The major challenge faced by project organisers is in dealing with diverse community populations. Diversity has traditionally been admitted as a serious barrier to the development of technological tools. (Vancouver Community Network, 2001) Though project initiators recognise diversity as one of the organizational issues, there is still vast area of research to be conducted, whether the project will lead to equal access and outcomes for all layers of community population. Traditional and non-traditional project approaches The traditional striving towards provision of the vulnerable communities with the opportunities to learn and interact has been supplemented by the new idea of using Internet to enhance community resources. (Vancouver Community Network, 2001) It has become an essential aspect of the project development. This is why the project is expected to be successful in promoting community interactions, indigenous knowledge transfers, discussions of the local issues and learning opportunities on the equity bases. Conclusion. Despite the fact that the project contains several ‘weak’ aspects to be re-considered, its initial idea will prove to be a success in case the discussed problematic areas are properly addressed. Otherwise, the existing social issues and related problems may become a serious organisational obstacle on the way of project development and implementation. Bibliography Atherton, JS 2005, Learning and teaching: Reflection and reflective practices. Retrieved September 30, 2007 from http://www. learningandteaching. info/learning/reflecti. htm Baum, HS 2001, ‘How should we evaluate community initiatives?’, Journal of the American Planning Association, vol. 67, pp. 19-22 Day, P & Schuler, D 2004, Community practice in the network society: Local action, global interaction, Routledge, London. Messinger, L 2004, ‘Comprehensive community initiatives’, Social Work, vol. 94, pp. 39-41 Vancouver Community Network 2001, Vancouver Community Learning Network. Retrieved September 30, 2007 from http://www2. vcn. bc. ca/ Wack, P 2006, ‘Planning for sustainability: Creating livable, equitable, and ecological communities’, Journal of the American Planning Association, vol. 72, pp. 123-131 .

Blood and Oil Essay

How to explain the post-Cold War violence? Some attribute it to identity politics (xi-xii). Pace Samuel Huntington, the cause is a struggle for resources (xii). Oil as special resource: 2001 and since revelatory of the consequences of oil dependency (xiii-xv). Goal of book: â€Å"Tracing the evolution of U.S. oil policy and weighing its consequences for the future† (xvi). Ch. 1: The Dependency Dilemma: Imported Oil and National Security. Cento (1-4). Military sees it as an extension of the 1980 Carter Doctrine (5-6).Similar development elsewhere of military as â€Å"global oil-protection service† (6-7). Oil asked to U.S. economic and military strength (7-10). â€Å"Oil makes this country strong; dependency makes us weak† (11). U.S. policy has been to â€Å"securitize† oil (12).Dependency on imported oil surpassed 50%in April 1998 (13). Late 1990s policy debate (14). George W. Bush acknowledges problem but does not really counter dependency with policies (15). â€Å"Dependency is not a static condition†. (15) Forecasts of growing dependency thro ugh 2025 (17-18). Table of proven reserves (19). Reserves in volatile regions (18, 20-21). U.S. presence in these regions and the nature of the oil industry are inherently destabilizing (21-22). Competition (or demand) for oil is increasing (22-23).Result: global economic instability (23).Ineffectiveness of military strategy, which has serious unintended consequences (24-26). Ch. 2: Lethal Embrace: The American Alliance with Saudi Arabia. Importance of â€Å"U.S.-Saudi relationship† (26-27). Anxiety about oil supplies in early 1940s led to decision in favor of â€Å"substantial and orderly expansion of production in Eastern Hemisphere sources of supply, principally the Middle East† (April 1944, â€Å"Foreign Petroleum Policy of the United States†) (28-30). SOCAL creates CASOC and finds oil, 1938 (31).Recognition of importance leads Roosevelt to extend Lend-Lease to Saudi Arabia, 1943(32-33). U.S. govt. tries to set up the Petroleum Reserves Corp. to buy CASOC’sconcession, 1943 ― but resistance keeps it from being realized (34-35). A â€Å"public-private partnership† (David Painter, Oil and the American Century [1986]) characterizesU.S. Involvement in development of Persian Gulf oil (35). Roosevelt and In Saud forge alliance, Feb. 14, 1945 (35-37). U.S.commitment to defend Saudi oil fields and the Saudi government ― and other Persian Gulf oil sources ― â€Å"a major theme of cold-war history† (37-38). Iran crisis of 1946 and concern for Mideast oil: need to overcome domestic resistance to overseas commitments led to â€Å"apocalyptic terms† of the Truman Doctrine (39-41). U.S. helps create modern Saudi army and air force, 1949-early 1950s (40). Eisenhower Doctrine (Jan. 5, 1957) designed to bolster pro-American regimes in the context of Nasser’s flirtation with the Soviet Union (41-42).Vietnam War forced proxy-based Nixon Doctrine (July 1969); Saudi Arabia and Iran are proxies of choice (42-43). But it inspired domestic opposition and leads to Shah’s overthrow in 1979 (44-45). Hostage drama and Soviet invasion of Afghanistan lead to Carter Doctrine (Jan. 23, 1980): the U.S. will protect Persian Gulf oil â€Å"by any means necessary† (45-46). Creation of Central Command (46-47). Consequences of the Carter Doctrine: huge arms sales to Saudi Arabia (47-48), tilting toward Iraq in Iran-Iraq war (48-49), ousting Iraq from Kuwait (49-50). Aug. 6, 1990 Cheney-King Fahd meeting leads to Operation Desert Shield (51-52).Desert Storm (52-53). Containment of Iraq: No-fly zones, $40b in arms to Saudi Arabia (53). 9/11 attacks and Osama bin Laden’s hostility â€Å"provoked primarily by the deployment of American troops in Saudi Arabia and the continuing alliance between Washington and the Saudi royal family, â€Å"which was â€Å"a product of America’s thirst for imported oil and the monarchy’s hunger for protection† (54-55). Ch. 3: Choosing Dependency: The Energy Strategy of the Bush Administration. Bush administration’s May 17, 2001 National Energy Policy (â€Å"The Cheney report†) (Feigns commitment to energy independence (56-59). But Ch. 8reveals immensity of growing dependency on imported oil in a chart and calls on the president to â€Å"make our energy security apriority in our trade and foreign policy† (61-64). Hopes for source diversification (Latin America, Caspian Basin, and West Africa) â€Å"face high risk of supply disruptions and shutdowns† (64-66). Defense Planning Guidance of 1992 and the Project for a New American Century highlight military (67-69).George W. Bush’s Sept. 24, 1999 Citadel speech called for greater power-projection capabilities (69-70). A Feb. 3, 2001 secrets document aims at assessing military implications of the energy plan (70-71). These 30, 2001 Quadrennial Defense Review emphasizes power projection (71-72). Warn terror morphing into energy supplyprotection: â€Å"It appears that theadministration has merged its three mainforeign-policy and security policies(increased access to overseas oil, enhancedpower-projection capabilities, and intensifiedanti-terror operations) into a single, unified plan† (72-73). Ch. 4: Trapped in the Gulf: TheIrresistible Lure of Bountiful Petroleum. The Cheney report â€Å"committed the UnitedStates to perpetual dependence on PersianGulf oil† (74-78). U.S. strategy aims atraising Persian Gulf oil production â€Å"from 24.0million barrels per day in 1999 to 44.5 millionbarrels in 2020 † (79). Obstacles: economic,technological, political, and military (79-82).Strands of U.S. policy constitute a â€Å"strategyof maximum extraction† (82-84). Primaryimportance of Saudi Arabia led some toadvocate in 2002 for seizure of Saudi oilfields (84-86). Social, economic, political,and religious sources of Saudi instability (86-89). U.S. approach is to strengthen Saudiroyal family and encourage reform (89-90).Iraq war as a way of being able to withdrawU.S. troops from Saudi Arabia (90).Palestinian statehood also backed for thisreason (91). Likewise. calls for reform andfighting terrorism in Saudi Arabia (91-93).Overthrow of Saddam Hussein needed bothto foster Gulf stability and to boost Iraqiproduction (94-105). Iran’s policies are inopposition to U.S. plans in the Persian Gulf,and sanctions are an inadequate weaponbecause they impede development of petroleum resources (105-07). Iran also hasthe power to disrupt energy supplies byblocking the Strait of Hormuz (107-08). Forthe time being the â€Å"dual-track policy† of Zalmay Khalilzad, consisting of denouncingIran’s government while encouragingopponents of the regime is being followed,but more aggressive policies are beingconsidered (108-10). Gulf problems willcontinue to require U.S. troops: â€Å"No matterhow costly the effort grows, we cannotremove our forces from the Gulf as long aswe remain committed to a strategy of maximum petroleum extraction. To meetanticipated U.S. energy demand in the yearsahead while also slaking the thirst of otheroil-importing nations, the Gulf producersmust . . . boost their combined oil output by85 percent between now and 2020, andthese supplies must safely reach theirmarkets† (111-12). Ch. 5: No Safe Havens: Oil and Conflictbeyond the Persian Gulf.

Homeland security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Homeland security - Research Paper Example Hurricane Katrina was one of the deadliest storms ever to hit the US coast. It ripped through the Gulf Coast in 2005 and brought with itself not just strong gale of wind but also many unarticulated miseries. The coastlines of Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama suffered the worst. New Orleans, in Louisiana, was severely affected due to the failure of the levee system. In fact, the levee system failed due to its flaws in designing and poor maintenance. The hurricane had its â€Å"economic†, â€Å"environmental†, â€Å"social†, and â€Å"political† impact. The hurricane was one of the costliest and it required money to restore it. The coastal regions were destroyed and the breeding grounds of the animals were lost. It also once again exposed the inability of the US government to handle such situations. Hurricane Katrina resulted in the loss of a great number of human lives. There was loss of life due to thirst and starvation. This drew a lot of criticisms fo r the government as they failed to save lives due to their lack of prompt action. (Hurricane Katrina: facts and information, n.d). Thousands of people had left the city and they became refugees. Many people found shelter with nearby relatives. On the other hand many restarted their lives in states far away as Massachusetts and Utah. Experts studying the hurricane concluded that it had the impact of four storms. Experts had further pointed out that understanding the previous flaws would be the key to success in future planning. In the wake of the storm, many loopholes within the planning system were exposed (Hurricane Katrina, 2010). Psychological Impact Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is found among those people who had experienced a traumatic event. Those who develop PTSD often have recurring thoughts about the incident and the person feels numb emotionally (What is PTSD, n.d). In case of Hurricane Katrina victims PTSD symptoms have been found even two years after the inciden t (Anderson, 2007). In case of natural disasters pet loss becomes a very common phenomenon. After Hurricane Katrina struck almost 200,000 pets were displaced. Only 5% of those found were reunited with their owners. There seems to be an association between pet loss with depression, posttraumatic stress, and acute stress (Lowe et.al, 2009, p 244). According to a federal mental health agency, those who lived along the hurricane ravaged Gulf Coast required help for anger, depression and other problems while they were rebuilding their lives once again. When Hurricane Katrina was ravaging, the people had also witnessed deaths and helplessness, which had affected them. Thus, according to authorities with federal Substances Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, the enormity of the disaster and long time in recovery had created a sense of hopelessness for some people (Carley 2006).   Availability of Resources for the Victims When the disaster took place, it also drew a lot of at tention and help from

Marcel Duchamp Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Marcel Duchamp - Essay Example The paper "Marcel Duchamp" focuses on the important figure in the art, Marcel Duchamp. Particular to that was the avant-garde movement known as the Dadaists and the Surrealists: "the mission of the early 20th Century avant-garde thus consisted in undermining the idea of art's 'autonomy' in favour of a new merging of art into what he calls the 'praxis of life'." The work being examined in the following, falls within the genre of this movement, and thus, one of the running themes explored throughout this discussion, will address how L.H.O.O.Q. can be understood as an expression of the avant-garde of his age, and how this fits within the agenda of the Dadaists. In introductory terms, Dadaism is a movement that sought to deconstruct the relationship of art to the power structures that financed it, so to speak. By challenging the power relations surrounding the work of art, the further agenda of exposing the essentially "bourgeoisie" values are likewise a theme that is incorporated into t he actual pieces or works of art themselves. In 1915, Marcel Duchamp moved to New York City from Paris. In Duchamp's own words, he was not moving to New York so much as he was fleeing the art community in Paris which he believed was burdened by the history and traditions of European art. As he states: â€Å"If only America would realize that the art of Europe is finished – dead – and that America is the country of the art of the future. Look at the skyscrapers! Has Europe anything to show more beautiful than these? New York is a work of art, a complete work of art . . . And I believe that the idea of demolishing old buildings, old souvenirs, is fine . . . The dead should not be permitted to be so much stronger than the living. We must learn to forget the past, to live our own lives in our own time.† [Kalaidjian, Ed., 2005, 195]. In terms of the back drop of rejecting history or the tradition of art, the work in question eventually came to be known as a 'ready-ma de'. That is, a found object which has been altered or modified in a way, and then presented as a work of art. The work in question [APPENDIX A] is a reproduction of Leonardo Da Vinci's Mona Lisa, which is arguably, the most famous work that is housed in the Louvre in Paris. As far as the modifications go with this particular work, Duchamp has merely added a mustache and titled the work with the initials L.H.O.O.Q.. This title is supposed to be a pun or a play on the French: â€Å"Elle a chaud au cul" and as translated into English, the phrase means "She has a hot ass" [Seigel, 1995, 119] . There is an interesting controversy about the work, that it is germane to the very meaning of the work itself. One of the important aspects of a work like this, is the very capacity for it to be photographed and reproduced. Indeed, the technique involved with the work in the first sense involves photography insofar as the image itself is initially a photograph of the Mona Lisa: "photography was crucial in disseminating Duchamp" [Hopkins, 2004, p. 46]. The contemporary twist on the controversy occurred in 2006 when the art critic and editor of Art in America, had to issue an apology for misunderstanding the authenticity and provenance of a reproduction of Duchamp's famous work: â€Å"I was wrong in 'Dada Lives' to claim that Francis Picabia's bungled 1920 reproduction

Tourism as a Tool for Reducing Poverty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tourism as a Tool for Reducing Poverty - Essay Example Mkangi and Mbindyo, Kenya is an extremely fertile country, which stretches from the sea level in the eastern part to the snow-covered mountains to the north. Mountains that can be found in Kenya include Mt. Kenya, Mt. Elgon and Mt. Kilimanjaro, which also borders Tanzania. Its greatest feature includes the Great Rift Valley, found in the central and western part of the country. Also, there are a number of lakes and rivers found in Kenya, which include Lake Turkana, Lake Nakuru, Lake Naivasha, and Lake Bogoria among others while rivers include River Nzoia, Gori, Ewaso Ngiro, and Yala among others, which form part of Kenya’s Geography. Kenya does not perform quite well, but it is the largest economy in East Africa. The economy, based on the market with a few infrastructure enterprises owned by the state, also maintains an external liberal trade system. Adholla, Mkangi, and Mbindyo (2008) state that 70% of people in Kenya is employed in the agricultural sector in which half of th e sector focuses on subsistence farming. The growth rate of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Kenya has decreased over the last decade from 6.5% every year to 4% every year since independent and then to only 1.5% per year during the 1990s. Politically, Kenya has always been considered a stable country despite all the changes in its political system and conflicts in the neighboring countries. Tourism is the second largest export earner in Kenya after agriculture, which forms a crucial foundation for its economy.... A  unique  tourism features in Kenya include wildlife and beaches, which have enabled it to  out  space  all its neighbors in East Africa due to  excellent  planning  and  leadership. In addition, solid infrastructure and  devotion  to conservation of wildlife has driven Kenya to the forefront of the  regional  tourism industry. In Kenya, tourism dates back in the pre-independence time i.e. as early as 1930s, when explorers from abroad started visiting Kenya. The explorers and visitors mainly visited Kenya for  solitude, as well as big-game hunting expeditions, which the Swahili people started referring to as safaris. Some of the  early  visitors included Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, Earnest Hemingway, and Theodore Roosevelt among other celebrities. About 10% of Kenya  has been set  aside for wildlife conservation and biodiversity. Since most visitors to the  country  are  mainly  interested  in seeing animals especially the  big   five (rhino, elephant, lion, buffalo and leopard), game viewing is a  popular  practice. Also, there are other small and  unique  animals present in the country, which attract tourist too. Moreover, there has been a  remarkable  rise in the number of tourist since the beginning of tourism in Kenya. For instance, in 2003, Kenya received over one million tourists, which lead to rise in  bed  capacity, in classified hotels to over 73,000. Tourism in Kenya has employed over 219,000 people, which is approximately 11% of the total workforce in the country. Currently, Kenya is still in a state of  growth  i.e.it is still a developing country. However, there are many factors that are inhibiting

Current Pop Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Current Pop Culture - Essay Example The current pop culture exercises its control over the thought of the people by generating the aspect of â€Å"opinion† through mass media. That is to say it becomes an artistic expression of the people, thus creating solidarity, as Kidd (2007) explains (Fedorak 3). To enhance the role played by pop culture in the lives of the people, I would undertake the examples from television and film fraternity. The television series The Sex and the City and the film The Hunger Games, both adapted from the book series, not only explain the blatant influence created by the pop culture, but also cover the wide genre of pop culture, namely literature and technology, in order to generate a striking effect on the mass consumption. The Sex and the City (1988-2004) is generally applauded for showing the prevalent theme of individualism and the society that rules our lives. It features single women as strong, honest, independent and happy, who are striving to find their individual identity in th e facets of societal foundations. The show is regarded as a post feminist exploration of single women living in New York City. It is a show about women and their friendships, their sex lives and their experiences. It is perhaps because of the issues like identity, the relation between an individual and society, and the underlying theme of sexual sovereignty that The Sex and the City can be used as the foremost example in explaining the workings of the pop culture. The protagonist Carrie Bradshaw is a sex columnist for the fictional paper The New York Star; it is through the lens of her columns that each episode is shaped. This characterization is quite important for the consumer. He meets an individual who is not only a strong, independent woman with a critical point of view, but also a sex columnist discussing sex lives of women, thus claiming sexual sovereignty. Her honesty and imperfection highlight the general thought of the public that make them identify with her. Other female characters, Miranda, a cynical attorney, asserts her independence as a woman reconciling with her motherhood and her marriage; Charlotte, a hopeless romantic lives in a world of fairy tales but eventually realizes the stark distinction between fantasy and reality; and Samantha, the self-proclaimed sex- loving, hyper sexualized old woman dealing with her state of menopause, different yet embodiment of feminism, gives a glimpse of different shades of a modern woman. They are reflection of an era where women were exercising control over their lives without the male interference. They highlight the concept of choice where an independent woman is free from the bounds of motherhood and marriage, where parents are never seen and the family mentioned is of female friendship, thus highlighting the notion of pop culture as an indicator of shared value. The Hunger Games (2012) is the most recent example of human identity being shaped by the interplay of media and individual choice in construct ing personality. It showcases the tenuous division between reality and fabrication through a violent competition in which children and teens are

Professional Values, Ethics and Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Professional Values, Ethics and Law - Essay Example Values comprise of a set of socially accepted codes of conduct and in medical profession, values are the standards of conduct or professional responsibilities that are informally accepted and passed on as traditions (Beauchamp & Childress, 2001). Alongside advances in the science of medicine, attempts have been made by moral theorists to codify the ethical and moral principles involved. These principles provide guiding framework that help avoid dilemmas in conflicting situations. The two pioneer ethical theories include Teleologic theory or Consequentialism/Utilitarianism and Deontologic or formalist theory. The Utilitarianism theory focuses on the end and judges actions on the basis of greatest good for a larger group of individuals. Deontological ethics introduced by John Stuart Mill, and supported by Immanuel Kant was judged actions on the basis of motive underlying it. Irrespective of the results or individual opinion, duty must be accomplished without any choice. Principles and duty guide actions. In this respect American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of ethics for nurses provides that the nurses’ primary commitment is to the patient, his health, rights and safety. Further the nurse is solely responsible for his practice. The ethical principles guiding nurses enable them to take moral positions in specific situations (Ivanov & Blue, 2008). Beauchamp & Childress have grouped these principles into four categories: respect for autonomy

Food Tourism of NoHo Nyc Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Food Tourism of NoHo Nyc - Research Paper Example Factors that contribute to increased food tourism in Noho can be categorized into socio-economic factors, changes in technology and product development. Economic recession, love for home-cooked meals, rising number of baby boomers, stiff competition and lack of knowledge about the significance of food tourism are among the factors that reduce demand for food tourism of Noho, NYC. The stakeholders in the food tourism industry of Noho need to strategize on how to mitigate the effects of limiting factors and maximize on the factors stimulating increased food tourism. Key words: Noho, foods, tourits, New York City, food tourism Introduction Food tourism is currently growing at a high rate, and is becoming one of the most dynamic and creative segments in the tourism industry. Food tourism is crucial in economies since it stimulates local, regional, and national economic development. The World Food Travel Association defines food tourism as the pursuit of the unique and memorable eating an d drinking experiences1. Food tourists have interests in exploring unique food places filled with memorable experiences. Food tourists primarily intend to experience the food of the region, country, or area in designated places and restaurants. Food culinary is considered the crucial component of the tourism experience because it incorporates other aspects of tourism such as scenery, climate, and accommodation, which are of vital necessity to tourists. Food tourism is not limited to gourmet food; gourmet is a subset of food tourism, and it comprises of 8.1 percent of food travelers. Noho is one of the districts in New York City that receives several food tourists every day. Noho is a historic and vibrant district in New York City, which offers diversity of artistic, educational, commercial, and cultural and tourism features. The areas neighboring North of Houston (Noho) Street includes East 9th Street, Broadway, and Cooper Square. Artists started to occupy the Noho buildings during the 1970s and 1980s2. The District comprises of approximately one hundred and twenty five buildings that represent the period of the New York City between 1850s and 1910s. The Noho district also has early 19th century buildings and modest 20th century commercial structures. The district has potential for food tourism, although there are some factors that limit the amount of tourism available. New York’s Best Noho Food Tour Tour Description The Snapshot Godfather, good eats and Graffiti in the attractive Noho food tour is filled with little secrets of Italy, mafia stories and notwithstanding bites. Full Description Food tourists are requested to: tour New York’s cosy corners of Noho where old-world charm coincides with downtown vibe, test salivating eats from unique spots that specialize in traditional recipes and one-hundred year old techniques, and Walk through the same streets that were used by John Gotti and Martin Scorsese when they used to visit sites made famous by The Godfather. The tour provides tourists with opportunities to learn the color history of The Bowery and to explore its dark and seedy past. The Bowery is the original theatre of Noho district. Other possible areas of the tour include Skid Row burns and CBGB’s music venue; these venues were previously referred to as flophouses3. The participants in this tour also have chances of getting a glimpse of the cast-iron facades and the cobblestone streets of Noho in the East village and

Ocado Supermarket Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ocado Supermarket - Assignment Example 1997). By rewarding orders from a devoted warehouse, we can demonstrate almost live inventory on our webshop, enabling customers to decide from an assortment of groceries that are in fact in stock. By using exclusive logistics software and satellite direction-finding systems in our vans, we strive to deliver the correct goods at the right time (Rotorua, 1988). But what makes us truthfully divergent is the quality of our people. Everybody who works at Ocado has a liability to discover an improved way to do things. They use widespread sense instead of corporate manuals and, in all cases; they care enough to try to make a disparity. Ideally they would create from scratch, avoiding all the legacy issues of a customary business. Then business people would build a brand new service completely around your customers' requirements. They had made sure this service distribute Waitrose quality groceries, straight to customers' doors in the majority dependable way possible. They had staff that company by the brightest people in the industry and approve them to look following their customers (Rotorua, 1988). That is precisely what they have tried to do. We do make mistakes but we be familiar with they are changing people's habits with the magnificent expediency of being able to get what they want, when they want it. They have built this business to address the desires of busy people in the 21st Century, with no compromising on the devotion to customer care and service that people miss from the past (Cotterill, P.P. 1989, Pp. 36-42). If we analyzed then we come to know that Ocado was launched in corporation by Waitrose in January 2002 and their service is now obtainable to over 13.5 million household's crossways the South East, the Midlands, the North West and other lately the South Coast. If they register by Ocado they will even contact customer area. They will approximately surely know somebody who has shopped with Ocado. Ocado really can make dissimilarity Exceptional service Magnificent Waitrose food Extraordinary order accuracy Handy one-hour delivery slots Best website in the land No doubt, for Six Sigma to work in your service and deal areas, it is necessary that it is straight associated to customer contentment. Though Ocado do not use Six Sigma themselves, customer's imminent remains pertinent for Six Sigma professionals and anybody for whom excellence is key in today's business type of weather, as Ocado face near-identical confront. As the online grocery service operational in company by Waitrose, Ocado have become famed for their strange approach of putting customer service at the heart of their business strategy from their launch two years ago. Hear how the company has attained (Ocado environmental Report): - Buy-in crossways all company functions to the strategy of enchantment the customer - Management maintain for prioritising quality and service delivery higher than all else - Support for the business case for such a philosophy and the more resources that were

Maritime operations( cellular container ships) Essay

Maritime operations( cellular container ships) - Essay Example Several people are involved in the loading or unloading of a ship. These people are such as the pilot who guides the ship to the dock where it will be loaded or unloaded. This person is important because, without them, the ships would run the risk of running aground or even colliding with each other in the chaos of looking for docking space (Kachel 2008). This person has a good knowledge of the waters and, therefore, is hired by the ship’s master to assist guide the large vessel. The pilot, therefore, serves to protect the ship as well as the marine life. There is also the role played by the ship’s master. This is a senior person in the hierarchy of command of the ship. He/she has the responsibility of ensuring that the cargo within the ship is safely conveyed to its destination and disembarked from the ship in the case of unloading a ship. The other instance that the ship is being loaded with cargo, the ship’s master has to ensure that the safety of the cargo as well as the ship and its crew is maintained. Aside from this, the ship’s master is in charge of liaising with the port appointed representative to ensure that everything is going well (Righetti and Rimaboschi 2008). This simply indicates the role that the ship’s master has to play in ensuring safety of the ship and ship’s cargo. As mentioned above, the ship’s master has to liaise with a port appointed representative. This individual is versed with the experience that the ship’s master will need to offload the cargo. As per the rules of the International maritime Organization (1996), he/she together with the ship’s master is involved in developing a plan that ensures that the entire process of offloading or loading the cargo goes on smoothly. Due to the knowledge of the port, the representative has to ensure that the unloading machinery is availed. The representative also has to see to it that the ship’s master goes through the safety plans and agrees to them. This

Eating and Mermaids Poolside Grille Essay Example for Free

Eating and Mermaids Poolside Grille Essay We have all decided to go on a Carnival Cruise line costing us all $601. 36 apiece; together it will cost $2,405. 44, for seven nights in the Bahamas and Florida area. We will all drive up to Maryland, Baltimore using $50 in gas for both ways and leaving the houses at 1:00 pm. We will also eat about $4 to $5 a person worth of food on the way down there then on the way back we will spend probably the same amount in order to eat again. On the first day of the cruise we will unpack and relax until 7:30P. M. and eat in the Normandie Restaurant. After dinner we will relax on the deck till 11:30P. M. The next day we will go to the pool and swim. At lunch we will have room service then go back to the pool. At dinner we will go to the Mermaids Poolside Grille. After dinner we are all going to the dance club on the cruise. The third day will consist of a Cookie Decorating class and ice cream eating contest. By dinner we will eat at Pizzeria which is located in the Mermaids Poolside Grille. After dinner we will all just relax. On the fourth day we stop in Florida and relax on the beach soaking up the sun. At dinner time we are eating at the sushi bar and going to the butterflies lounge in the cruise after dinner. On the fifth day we stop at the Bahamas and go shopping with our left over money, which would be $350 per person. When we get back on the cruise we will have room service again. By the sixth day we will be watching a Broadway musical and listening to comedians. We will eat Normandie Restaurant again. On the last and final day we will be packing and playing a couple of games on the cruise like battle of the sexes. When dinner comes around we will eat at Your Time Dining. On the eighth day we will be sadly departing at 8:00am. All of these activities, excluding shopping, will be at no charge because we paid for all of it at the beginning.

Demonstrative Communication Process

Demonstrative Communication Process Demonstrative communication includes nonverbal and unwritten communication and involves such things as facial expressions, tone of voice, body language, and so forth. Include the following elements in your paper: Demonstrative Communication Communication is defined as the process of sending and receiving information, a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, speech, signs, writing, or behavior (Merriam-Webster, 2011). Communication can be verbal or nonverbal, written, or visual. According to Paul Endress, 7% of the communication process is words, 38% is voice tone, and 55% is physiology. Therefore, nonverbal communication comprises 93% of communication; it is made up of the following three areas and their subgroups: †¢ Body Physical Space Clothing and appearance Locomotion (kinesics) †¢ Physiology Posture Gesture Facial expressions †¢ Nonverbal Eye contact Touch (haptics) Tone of voice (paralanguage) Research shows that the nonverbal channels of communication (how things are said) are often more important than words alone (what is said)(Endress, 2010). Demonstrative communication is that part of the communication process that includes nonverbal and unwritten communications. Demonstrative communication entails sending and receiving wordless messages (Nayab, 2010) Effective or Ineffective Effective communication is the foundation for positive interactions in the workplace as well as in social settings. To share ideas, give opinions, or be defined as an individual, one must have effective verbal and nonverbal communication skills. These skills are not only important for the sender but also for the receiver. According to Missouri Western State Universitys Laurel J. Dunn, nonverbal communication can be deciphered beginning in early childhood, but interpretation becomes more accurate as the person grows older. Nonverbal cues are responsible for a major portion of the message sent. Even if the verbal message is flawless, one still might communicate ineffectively (Dunn, 2009). For example, one person walks up to another and with a warm smile and direct eye contact, reaches out, gives the other person a firm handshake and in a happy tone of voice says, â€Å"I do not like you.† The other person will most likely smile back and agree. Words are only seven percent of the message whereas 93% is nonverbal. If the two conflict, the brain will register the preponderance of the message, which is the nonverbal. In order for a message to be received effectively, the verbal component must coincide with the nonverbal or demonstrative communication. For example, dressing properly, a firm handshake and a friendly demeanor can speak volumes about the kind of person someone is at a job interview. A person can rely on these qualities to reinforce his or her verbal performance (Sutton, 2011). For the receiver, a message can be easily misread or misunderstood. Gestures, appearances, and facial expressions can have different meanings to different people. People can easily misread people they do not know. For example, meeting someone who looks scruffy and assuming that he is lazy. However, later one discovers that he is a brilliant and hard-working artist. Some people might assume that sitting with arms folded means one is defensive. In fact, this can convey feeling cold or simply comfortable. Nonverbal communication should not be solely relied on because there are no hard and fast rules regarding what different gestures and expressions mean (Sutton, 2011). Across cultural lines, one gesture can mean one thing to one cultural group and mean the complete opposite to another. For example, to give someone the thumbs up gesture in America means he has done a good job. If this same gesture were used in Iran, it would mean an obscenity (Endress, 2010). Listening and Responding As with verbal communication, demonstrative communication involves listening and responding. Often an individual can learn more from another’s actions than from his words. Many are the instances in which people can listen with their eyes instead of their ears. For example, a close friend walks out of the classroom after a final examination with her head down, shoulders slumped, and a defeated look on her face. One does not need to ask how well she did. It is important for people to use active listening when receiving any type of message. According to Conflict Research Consortium, University of Colorado (1998), people often are distracted by other stimuli when they are supposed to be paying attention to a speaker. During an argument, people often formulate a response while the other person is talking, which leaves parts of the message unheard or misunderstood. Active listening involves clearing one’s mind of distractions and focusing entirely on the speaker. Once the spe aker has completed talking, paraphrase what he said before replying. Active listening can bridge the gap between effective verbal and nonverbal communication (McNamara, 2010). Conclusion Demonstrative communication is that part of the communication process that includes nonverbal and unwritten communications; it entails sending and receiving wordless messages. Nonverbal communication comprises 93% of the message. Effective communication is the foundation for positive interactions; it is equally important to the sender and the receiver. It involves listening and responding. One can learn more from others actions than from their words. References Conflict Research Consortium, University of Colorado. (1998). Active Listening. Retrieved from http://www.colorado.edu/conflict/peace/treatment/activel.htm Dunn, L. J. (2009). Nonverbal Communication: Information Conveyed Through the Use of Body Language. Retrieved from http://clearinghouse.missouriwestern.edu/manuscripts/70.php Endress, P. (2010). Non-Verbal Communication Demonstration. Retrieved from http://www.maximumadvantage.com/nonverbal-communication/non-verbal-communication-demonstration.html McNamara, M. (2010, August 2). Effective Verbal Non-Verbal Communication. Retrieved from http://www.livestrong.com/article/192035-effective-verbal-non-verbal-communication/ Merriam-webster.com. (2011). Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/communication Nayab, N. (2011, June 27). Comparing Various Forms of Communication. Retrieved from http://www.brighthub.com/office/project-management/articles/79297.aspx Sutton, N. (2011, March 26). Pros Cons of Nonverbal Communication. Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/info_8117087_pros-cons-nonverbal-communication.html Essay 2 (Example) Demonstrative Communication Introduction There are diverse definitions of communication. In simple words, communication can be defined as the process of transmitting and receiving messages. Communication involves reciprocation of ideas and messages. There are two forms of communication including verbal and non-verbal. Verbal communication involves communication in the form of written and oral messages. However, non-verbal communication is in the form of gestures and images. This paper aims to discuss demonstrative communication and its effectiveness. There are diverse factors that contribute towards the effectiveness of demonstrative communication. The vital components of demonstrative communication include tone, gestures, prior knowledge, and the environment. A slight imbalance in these factors could result in the ineffectiveness of demonstrative communication. Discussion Demonstrative Communication Demonstrative communication is the process in which sending and receiving messages a re accompanied by sharing thoughts and information. Demonstrative communication involves both verbal and non-verbal communication. This paper will discuss demonstrative communication and its effectiveness. Some of the components of demonstrative communication include tone, gestures, prior knowledge, and the environment. One of the types of demonstrative communication includes facial expressions. This form of communication also involves tone and body language. Facial expressions can be further classified into positive and negative. Demonstrative communication is effective when it involves positive facial expressions. However, negative facial expressions make demonstrative communication ineffective (Mounter Smith, 2008). Demonstrative communication also involves nonverbal and unwritten communication. In this form of demonstrative communication, wordless messages are sent and received. Demonstrative non-verbal communication supports verbal communication despite the fact that it can co nvey messages on its own. Demonstrative communication reinforces verbal communication. Effectiveness of Demonstrative Communication Demonstrative communication can be effective and ineffective. It can be positive and negative for both the sender and receiver. The environment in which communication takes place plays an important role in its effectiveness. Communication may take place directly or indirectly. Most of the time, face-to-face communication is more effective than other forms of communication. Indirect communication takes place through text messages, emails, and instant messages. These messages are also accompanied by facial expressions. In verbal communication, the participants talk directly. It is because of this reason that verbal communication is more effective than non-verbal (Nielsen, 2008). In our everyday life, we use the non-verbal communication more than verbal communication. Demonstrative communication can be perceived by the listener as both positive and negativ e. The perception of participants is largely influenced by the use of non-verbal forms of communication. The presentation of individuals also Essay 2 (Example) Demonstrative communication Communication can be described in many different ways and mean many things. Communication is the process of transmitting, relaying, or sending and receiving messages. The communication process conveys thoughts, ideas, data, and messages either thru speech, writing, body singles, behavior, or kinesics (Cheesebro, Rios, OConnor, 2010). Communication can be transmitted verbally and non-verbally. Verbal communication combines written and oral communication while nonverbal communications is express thru body language, facial expressions, eye contact, and gestures. The key to effective communication is the shared understanding of the information between the receiver and sender. It involves the shared understanding of thoughts, feelings, wants needs, and the intentions of the communicators, which may not be openly expressed with words (Cheesebro, Rios, OConnor, 2010). The communication process is completed when the receiver understands the message being sent by the sender. This paper will deliberate demonstrative communication, a style of communication that deals with nonverbal and unwritten communication. This paper will discuss how demonstrative communication can be positive and negative, effective and ineffective, and how it is mutually for the sender and receiver. It will also discuss nonverbal cues, the functions of nonverbal communication, and the importance of demonstrative communication is to listening and responding. Demonstrative Communication can be Positive and Effective There are two types of demonstrative communication as stated earlier nonverbal and unwritten. Demonstrative communication involves sending and receiving messages that are used to inform, correct, educate, and share emotions. If the communication process is ineffective it has the influence and power to hurt, confuse, mislead, and even hinder the receivers and the senders rather it is verbal or nonverbal (Papa, 2012). If the communication process is effective then it can leave the sender/receiver with a clear understanding of the message feeling, empowered, informed, educated, and appreciated. An example of this would be, if someone was out on a date and had a good time at the end of the night they might give the other person a kiss to indicate they had a good time and how they feel. On the other hand if someone did not enjoy themselves and was not interested in the other person there will be minimal talk, eye contact, gestures, and that person might receive a handshake or a polite goo dnight at the end of the night rather than a kiss. Since the sender and receiver shared understanding and receiving of the message is different it is important the message is clear and both communicators share a clear understanding of the message. Good communication skills are the key to an individual’s success in life and in this growing economy and globalized world. With the growing demand for these essential skills which have branched off into a wide variety of divisions and techniques, and with advancing technology nonverbal and unwritten communications has grown and advanced in numerous ways (Subapriya, 2009). Statistics vary, but 60%-80% of people’s communication is nonverbal, 7%-10% is actual words, and the rest is tone of voice. Subtle and often subconscious, movements such as facial expressions, gestures, eye contact, and posture send strong messages to the receiver. So in other words sitting up straight and paying attention can let the sender know you are paying attention and are interested in the message they are sending. Nonverbal Cues and Functions of Nonverbal Communication Nonverbal communication serves six primary functions complementing, substituting, accenting, contradicting, repeating, and regulating verbal messages. Complementing, nonverbal behavior serves to complement or adds to the verbal message (Subapriya, 2009). It can only modify, or elaborate on the verbal messages. Nonverbal behavior alone would not communicate the intended meaning. Complementing nonverbal message changes the meaning of the verbal message by adding additional insights or information. So when clarity is of the most importance, one should be especially concerned with making verbal and nonverbal behaviors complement to one another (Subapriya, 2009). Nonverbal messages are sent in advance of verbal messages. Before someone can even udder a word their facial expression, clothes, body posture, skin color, and hair style can communicate much about them. Unfortunately, this can be true even if the message sent is not the message you want to communicate. An example of this would b e, if someone had a job interview and they showed up wearing dirty clothes, angry facial expression, and bad posture. This would communicate to the interviewer that you may not want the job compared to someone in a suit and tie, a smile on their face, and good eye contact and body posture. The way you present yourself and the others view you is a part of the nonverbal communication process. Both oral and written communication styles attain perfection with the usage of nonverbal cues. The meaning of a text can be communicated to the listeners and readers through nonverbal signals. Verbal signs and nonverbal cues together in the right proportion can pave the way for meaningful communication (Peng, 2011). Nonverbal cues play a vital role in the success of effective communication. Nonverbal signals operate at two levels. Nonverbal cues in writing which involves features like, headings, titles, subheadings, photographs, captions, figures, graphs, and bar charts etc Whereas oral communication involves nonverbal signals like eye contact, gestures, posture, facial expressions, tone of voice and body language. Both oral and written nonverbal cues can form a dynamic feature of nonverbal communication to ensure effective communication (Subapriya, 2009). Without effective nonverbal communication the message sent can be misunderstood. Conclusion Demonstrative communication involves sending and receiving messages that are used to inform, correct, educate, and share emotions. If the communication process is ineffective it has the influence and power to hurt, confuse, mislead, and even hinder the receivers and the senders rather it is verbal or nonverbal. Good communication skills are the key to an individual’s success in life and in this growing economy and globalized world. Nonverbal behavior alone would not communicate the intended meaning. Complementing nonverbal message changes the meaning of the verbal message by adding additional insights or information. Both oral and written communication styles attain perfection with the usage of nonverbal cues. The key to effective communication is the shared understanding of the information between the receiver and sender. It involves the shared understanding of thoughts, feelings, wants needs, and the intentions of the communicators, which may not be openly expressed with wor ds. The communication process is completed when the receiver understands the message being sent by the sender. References Cheesebro, T., Rios, F., OConnor, L. (2010). Communicating in the Workplace. Prentice- Hall, MD: Pearson Education, Inc.. Harvard Business School. (2012). Faculty Research, Amy J.C. Cuddy. Retrieved from http://drfd.hbs.edu Papa, J. (2012). Effective and Ineffective Communication. Retrieved from http://ehow.com Peng, H. (August, 2011). Effects of Non-Verbal Communication on College English Classrooms Teachings. US-China Foreign Language, 9(8), 505-516. Subapriya, K. K. (2009, June). The Importance of Non-Verbal Cues. ICFIA Journal of Soft Skills, 3(2), 37-42.

Effects Of Culture Shock Education Essay

Effects Of Culture Shock Education Essay With the development of global strategy these decades, joint-venture enterprises has an obvious growth all over the world, meanwhile a large number of Chinese enterprises were built up in foreign countries and vise versa. At the same time, lots of senior managers will work or study techniques in foreign country, even their family members need to go abroad to live together with them. At the beginning of changing the work environment and colleague, most of managers can not adapt to it to some extent. Moreover, an increasing of number students choose to complete their study in a foreign country, it acclimatized international students to the strange environment.. The culture shock can bring positive effects, but at the same time, it also can affect people in a negative way. Purpose This article investigates how overseas students encounter the culture shock when they first time to go abroad and how to minimize or prevent culture shock. It will examine the causes and effects of culture shock from the following aspects, one is different lifestyle: food and timetable; another is education system Definition of culture shock According to Oberg the world famous cultural anthropologist, the culture shock maybe defined as a state that people who are the first time come to a new country because of psychological lost, language barrier, unfamiliar environment, different culture background or other aspects they can not adapt to this atmosphere immediately then caused confusion, helplessness, homesick and anxiety (Eschbach et al, 2001) Main body Different food caused culture shock Lots of students make a decision to study in foreign countries after the graduate from Senior High School or undergraduate, the first time that they come to a new strange country, the language barrier limit their communication with local people, so it will be posed many problems for them, one of them is the different lifestyle, the diet habits is very different from their native country, so they will exclude all things this country brings to them. Therefore, it is essential for students to do everything with their interest, curiosity and willingness, in contrast, if they live with exclusive emotional, it will lead to many psychological discomfort (Phillips, 2003). First of all, the most obvious aspect present is the daily diet, especially on food, Changes in weight may indicate that a person is experiencing culture shock. So can an obsessive increase in washing or cleaning. Avoiding social contact, sleeping too much and homesickness are all additional symptoms of culture shock.(Barker, 2012) at the beginning of their new life, they will not eat anything or eat less than before and then they will think these sorts of food do not suit their taste. after one week or month, it is obvious that they get thinner, for example, a lot of international students the first time to go abroad, they do not like the western food, not only expensive but also not healthy, in Asia countries, people preferred to eat rice, noodles, dumplings as their staple food, then they will cook some various of vegetables or soup eating with rice, this is their diet habit. Because they can not get their ideal diet, they will extremely feel homesick. At the beginning of entering a new environment, they can not find their native countries stores to purchase their domestic food, the price of food maybe higher than their country, so they eat less and usually feel hungry and eager to come back to home to enjoy a great fancy dinner with their family members. The first thing they do is to go everywhere to find their countries restaurant, at this time is the most difficult stage for overseas students, they will miss their domestic friends, their parents or all of the things and food of their own countries. For example, when students encounter some obstacles like culture shock, the friend is their first choice to ask for help, friends can give them some advices and problem-solving methods to them, helping them out and tide them through difficult times.(Aronson et al, 2005). Maybe it is common that people eat some pieces of bread with delicious cheese, kinds of sweet jam and a cup of coffee or milk, sometimes we can see children eat great sandwiches or hot dog with a cup of juice in their breakfast time, in lunch or dinner time, the table we see more is the potato with ketchup, bacon, steak chicken wings and different types of pasta, this is their daily diet habit, they eat much of meat. So, a lot of international students can not adapt to t his kind of lifestyle. Most of students in china, they eat various of gruel, soup with an egg, it is usually for Chinese to eat noodles, rice, dumplings with soya-bean milk. Maybe they think it is healthy than others and can suit Chinese students taste, but coming to a new country, perhaps international students will change their own diet habit in order to adapt to this new country quickly. Different timetable caused culture shock Another lifestyle that international students maybe face is the timetable, every country has their own timetable, so many students can not adapt the time this country plan to , a typical example is that in UK, most of shopping malls or stores will be closed before 17:30, you can see few persons walked in the city central, a lot of overseas students think it is boring and very different from their own country, in other countries people are crazy about shopping in the evening and they had adapted to the night life of their native-born country, furthermore, the class time is also have some differences compared with other countries, in some countries ,they may start their first class after eight oclock or later and finish it so earlier. By contrast, in china, students begin class from 7:30 in the morning till to 6:00 in the evening, after 6:00 pm students will have self-study time , it also can be called homework time, plenty of homework for students to finish by themselves, after the first time they left home to a new start of their life, they may not like this atmosphere of this country gave them, at this time, a lot of international students will feel so boring and lonely  ¼Ã…’even much of helpless, maybe they will cry at their accommodation at night and want to return back to home and give up studying in abroad. Moreover, they will keep in touch with their friends or parents, talking on the phone everyday with their parents, this method can reduced their helplessness, homesick and help them to develop the sense of security, and also help them to got encouragement from family members (Scheyvens, 2003). Different education system caused culture shock The following aspect is the different education systemmost of international students can not adapt to the different style of teaching immediately, in some countries, teachers pay more attention to the students self-study and practice, it can be take the British education into an example, in UK, maybe the teachers think in the process of searching the sources, students can gain more knowledge than they taught to them, teachers told students the task ,topic and the method to find information, then students need to find some resources and finish it by themselves. Sometimes, tutor will discuss with students to provide some suggestions for them. The final exam maybe several subjects not all of subjects need to sit down to write 2 long hours test, it is important for students to guarantee the attendance and participate part, the final essay students will complete it by themselves, maybe it accounts for the largest proportion, so, a lot of international students come to a different country can not adapt to this kind of educational system, generating heavy stress for their professional learning. If overseas students can adapt to this education system in the shortest possible time it can bring much benefits to these students, pupils with high self-efficiency general have faith in their capability to complete their own tasks well. They work harder and experience less anxiety when they have something in trouble, due to they believe that they can succeed with much confidence However, people often not full confidence with low self-efficacy that they usually think they cannot perform works well, so they usually tend to give up easily and experience more anxiety when facing troubles. Lack of confidence is the most important reason for their failure (Aronson et al, 2005). So, it is important for international students to overcome troubles with self-confidence. They can learn more useful knowledge and continue to enhance their ability step by step. However ,in other countries especially in some Asian countries , maybe teachers lay emphasis on theory  ¼Ã…’tutors told the answers to students and forced them to recite all of them, this cramming systems caused many of students can not adapt to that kind of self-study system when they study in UK or other countries, this kind of students do not know how to start their first step and lots of students continue to study learn by rote ,it is difficult for them to change the method at once, meanwhile, they feel so depressed and lack of confidence, after this circumstance it will result in the negative effects to international students, large number of students will not catch up with lessons and also are not available to catch teachers point, a long time later ,it will caused a lot of students make no attempt to make progress , get lost in his own way and give themselves up as hopeless replaced. Even more serious effect arouse to is the plagiarism phenomenon, due to the academic knowl edge capability and language level limited, many students copy others result and caused plagiarism problems. The possible adverse impact is to fail their course and come back to home. This phenomenon often happened in university. How to overcome culture shock According to Ferraro (2006), the better method for students to know about the culture shock completely is from the psychological field to analyze the culture shock and improve the successful rate of living in overseas, trying to make more international friends and sharing your happiness and frustration with them, encouraging each other and spend the difficult time together. Conclusion According to the introduction, it can be see that food, timetable and education can result in culture shock ¼Ã…’culture is defined as the every side of life, large number of international students can not adapt to the change of a new environment and need time to change their mind and accept new things ,during this orientation time, with optimism attitudes to accept different learning style and with full self-confidence to overcome all obstacles ,accommodate to various food taste, set goal orientation for themselves, avoid the negative effect that culture shock bring to them.

Criminology Essay -- Legal Issues, Crime

Figuring out why people commit crimes is one of the central concerns of criminology. Do most criminals act rationally after weighing the costs of crime? Is society ever to blame for an individual to commit a crime? Do mental diseases or even genetics factor into whether a person will live a life of crime. Over the years, many people have developed theories to try to answer these questions. In fact, the number of theories of why people commit crimes sometimes seems to equal the number of criminologists. I explore these questions and much more in the paper that follow. The foundation of classical criminology is its central belief that individual criminals engage in a process of rational decision making in choosing how to commit crime (Williams & McShane, 2010). This view is based on two further assumptions: that individuals have free will; and that individuals are guided by hedonism, the maximization of pleasure and the minimization of pain. These ideas were important in that they shifted attention towards punishing people’s offending behavior rather than punishing the individual’s social or physical characteristics in and of themselves. This shift consequently had an enormous inï ¬â€šuence on changing attitudes towards punishment and towards the purpose of the law and the legal system. Classical ideas about crime and punishment can be found in the works of a number of different writers. The writings of Cesare Beccaria (1738–94) and Jeremy Bentham (1748–1832), however, were especially inï ¬â€šuential. According to the emerging view of the social contract, humans originally lived in a state of nature, grace, or innocence and their escape from this state resulted from the application of reason. It was argued that there was an in... ...e extent to which this is a legitimate evidence-based concern is a moot point. It is hard for anyone to grasp the concept or be able to understand why people commit heinous crimes or engage in criminal activities. We as human beings are all capable of committing or engaging in delinquent behavior. What stands in the way of a person that makes them decided to engage in deviant behavior or to choose not to commit crimes at all? We may never truly know or understand the real reasons behind why certain people make decisions like these every day. Early philosophers and scientists looked carefully and dug deep into the criminal justice system and the behavior of criminals using theories to explain criminal behavior. With these views they were able to come up with multiple distinctive theories that explained different views on why people decided to commit crimes.

A Farewell to Arms1 :: Essays Papers

A Farewell to Arms1 Love is impossible to explain or fully understand; it is enfable and war is merely an outcome of disputes between ignorant aristocrats. A Farewell to Arms, by Ernest Hemingway, is a novel about love and war. The narrator, Fredrick Henry is a war-time ambulance driver, and Catherine Barkley is an English nurse, who find themselves in a love affair which must maneuver itself around the restrictions of World War I. The novel begins in Gorizia, Italy the center of operations for Fredrick’s troop, World War I. Fredrick is an American volunteer and in the Ambulance Corps for the Italian Army. He meets a English nurse Catherine named Barkley and does not truly fall in love with her until he gets badly wounded and is put in a hospital. They begin to have alove affair and Catherine becomes impregnated. With a baby on the way Fredrick feels a real sense of responsibility towards Catherine. When he finaly recovers from from his lengthy stay in the hospital he returns to front. When the two part it is very rainy, cloudy, and gloomy. Hemingway makes good use of weather in pursuit of verisimilitude. There is so much violence and death in the war Fredrick no longer wants to be a apart of it and deserts the army to return to Catherine. When they reunite the rain stops and there is light. They then escape to Switzerland by boat and begin to live happily. When Catherine goes into labor there is complications. The baby dies and later Catherine dies from hemorrhaging. What is love? Love is difficult to explain but, it involves a deep affection for a person or thing. At the beginning of the novel, lieutenant Frederick Henry lacks a sense of value and order in his life. He chooses to intoxicate himself and make visits to prostitutes frequently. During this time of intense stress and pressure this lifestyle is common amongst his fellow comrades. It provides them with an escape from a hostile and undesirable reality of war. Lieutenant Rinaldi, Fredricks enthusiastic surgeon friend soon introduces him to an English nurse, Catherine Barkley. Their relationship brings some order and value into his life. This new form of order which Fredrick discovers is love. He can no longer remain apart of something that is so disorderly and consequently deserts the Italian army out of love: â€Å"When you love you wish to do things for.

Rap war :: essays papers

Rap war Shots ring out in South Central Los Angeles. A man screams in horror. This man has been shot in a heated gang war. This is everyday life for gang members. Gang members are used to cold blooded murder and most attend at least 5 funerals a week. Similar situations occur in Harlem, New York and in other places around the country. Why is this happening? Many people think that rap music is making kids more violent. They think that rap music is just a glorification of violence. All rap music is doing is to show how horrible and inhuman life is in the ghettos across the country. This is what's really happening out there. It's not fake. Right now, there is a major conflict between West Coast and East Coast rappers. East and West are fighting in a vicious battle that leaves hundreds of poor, helpless people dead in the street. There's no reason for this to be going on. Back in the early '90's, when rap was beginning to become popular, the East/West war wasn't quite there yet but it was slowly becoming more and more obvious that there was a conflict between rappers. Part of the reason that the war started was that West Coast rap dominated and nobody questioned their supremecy. Ice Cube, Ice T, and Eazy E were the rappers of the moment. The war slowly worsened when East Coast rappers began to get more publicity. West Coast rappers were upset that they weren't 100% in the spotlight so they started to make fun of East rappers in their music proclaiming that East Coast rap was fake and couldn't top West Coast. Then, East Coast rappers fired back obscenities at West Coast rappers and it kept up like that until someone decided that the other coast had gone too far. In 1993, Sean Combs started Bad Boy Entertainment in New York and for the first time ever, East Coast sales surpassed West Coast rap sales. Suddenly, as if out of nowhere came the peak of the West/East feud. Smaller gangs in cities took the example of the "big playaz" and followed what they said. Before, local gangs killed for affiliation whether you were a Blood or a Crip. Now, gangs were killing for West and East. In some cities it was so bad that you could be killed for living on the wrong side of the neighborhood.

Analysis of Dynacorp Case Essay

The strategic design lens assumes organizations are deliberate, goal-achieving entities. In this view, managers can achieve organizational goals by understanding the fundamentals of design and fitting design to strategy, as well as to the larger organizational environment. In this paper, I discuss the five major elements of strategy – environmental fit, strategic intent, strategic grouping, strategic linking, and alignment – and identify two specific elements as causes of the problems Dynacorp is experiencing with its redesign. These elements are strategic linking and alignment. Fit with the Environment In the 1980s, Dynacorp was an excellent fit with the environment; it produced high-quality, innovation products. As result, its customers were happy to wait months or even a year for the company to bring out a new product and to â€Å"do some of their own applications work and figure out how to integrate Dynacorp’s products with the rest of their operations†. In the 1990s, however, the company lost the technological advantage it had maintained over the competition. According to Carl Greystone, executive vice president of the U. S. Cus-tomer Operations Group, â€Å"Both foreign and domestic competitors have been cutting into our market share, and our gross margins are way down,†. Indeed, Dynacorp was finding that many of its customers needed more than hardware, but want-ed ‘complete solutions’ to problems. Customers were â€Å"looking for systems solutions, more cus-tomized software, and more value-added services†. Dynacorp’s senior managers recognized that the firm’s existing functional structure was seriously inhibiting the organization from creating effective cross-functional responses to its external environment. Strategic Intent Dynacorp’s senior management thus moved to redefine the firm’s strategic intent, a no-tion that Ancona et al. define as â€Å"setting the strategy or mandate of the organization†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Instead of continuing to think of itself as a company merely selling hardware, the firm reorganized with the intention of providing customers with the integrated solutions they were demanding, and, where necessary, to do all this on a global basis. Strategic Grouping To implement its strategic intent, Dynacorp executives first had to make decisions about how to regroup tasks and functions. According to Ancona et al. , strategic grouping is a process of deciding â€Å"how the necessary activities are to be allocated into jobs, department, divisions, and other units, and how people are assigned to each†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . The textbook describes five possible methods by which grouping of functions can be organized: activity; output; user, customer, or geography; matrix; and business process. At Dynacorp, the decision was made to move away from grouping by activity. Instead, the development, manufacturing, and marketing functions were grouped together into an output-oriented set of â€Å"‘end-to-end’ business units† in which all the functions would be ex-pected to contribute to the success of a product or a family of products or services. Within the sales area, executives decided to group by geography (U. S. , Europe, Latin America/Asia, with each of these areas further subdivided into regions) rather than to create multiple sales forces for each business unit. â€Å"Since products overlapped,† the interviewer was told, â€Å"the purchasers of different products were frequently the same people, and the cost inherent in replicating the field structure several times was prohibitive,†. Within each sales region, management created account teams with each team focusing on customers within market segments and industries. Greystone asserts that such a restructuring will result in industry specialists, rather than salespersons who were only knowledgeable about particular products. Greystone seemed optimistic: â€Å"You see, we feel that by targeting our investments toward growth of sales in specific industries and developing solutions to fit their needs, we’ll rebuild our market share and increase margins,† Strategic Linking Ancona et al. describe strategic linking as both formal and informal processes and posi-tions that would integrate units and subunits which are interdependent in tasks. The text identifies a wide array of linking mechanisms, including formal reporting structures, liaison roles, permanent or temporary cross-unit groups, integrator roles, information technology systems, and planning processes. Strategic linking at Dynacorp was to be accomplished, in the first instance, by linking development, manufacturing, and marketing within each Business Unit through a change in the formal reporting structure. Carl Greystone expressed his conviction that a â€Å"tremendous amount of progress† has been made since these changes were instituted and that his personnel are â€Å"thinking about the business in new terms†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Even Greystone, however, was forced to admit that his group had been â€Å"consistently behind plan in both revenue and profit† for the past year and a half and that the â€Å"Business Unit presidents have expressed some frustration with the performance of his group. †Martha Pauley, a Branch Manager in Greystone’s division who supervised six teams that â€Å"handle financial institutions, insurance, and education in the Northeast Region,† was considerably quite disillusioned about the absence of effective cross-functional relations between sales and the Business Units. Specifically, Pauley was finding it difficult to compete because of business decisions in which she had been given no role. She had several complaints: â€Å"Our prices are still higher than our competitors’, and technical support services are way too slow. The new plant in Indonesia was supposed to help bring prices down, but they’re having problems getting the factory up and running. Since I have no control over unit manufacturing costs or the availability of technical support resources, I can’t help the team’s effectiveness in these areas†. A second way in which strategic linking was to be accomplished was to establish multi-function Account Teams focused on â€Å"selling customized solutions based on integrating our products, rather than on selling fancy hardware. †These permanent cross-unit groups were comprised of â€Å"account managers, product specialists, solution consultants, service technicians, customer administration specialists, and systems specialists. † Describing the actual functioning of these new teams to the interviewer, Martha Pauley confessed that â€Å"everyone has been so busy trying to understand their new responsibilities while still keeping up with our customers that we have communicated only through e-mail messages. We haven’t had time for the off site meeting that I had planned. Anyway, we’re still getting modifications on the job guidelines from the staff group. † The time pressures reported by Pauley were evident when she takes the interviewer into a meeting of one account team; there, they found â€Å"about half† of the members missing because of other obligations. As the meeting progressed, it also became apparent that this account team was struggling to meet its goals. The team had just been outbid for a contract with a Boston bank because its competitor had been able to offer â€Å"lower prices and a much more comprehensive package† . With regard to planning as a means of strategic linking, there too Pauley’s teams were struggling. Pauley admitted to the interviewer that she â€Å"hadn’t had a chance to develop a cohe-sive sales plan to show you†. Alignment The last of the strategic design processes is alignment: â€Å"that is, assessing the implica-tions of strategic grouping and linking patterns for the rest of the organization’s structures and processes, and making changes to ensure that the grouping and linking patterns can be implemented effectively†. suggest that each of the following be considered as elements of alignment: organizational performance measurement systems, individual rewards and incentives, resource allocation, human resource development, and informal systems and processes. One obvious alignment problem in this case concerns individual rewards and incen-tives. Ben Walker, VP of the Northeast Region, notes that the new reward system compensates branch managers in sales and product managers in the Business Units on â€Å"performance against revenue and margin goals,† but Walker worries that â€Å"no one in these jobs has the skills to be a team player. † Soon thereafter, Martha Pauley complained to the interviewer about precisely this problem. Although she shared revenue goals for her teams with the product team’s general managers in the Business Units, her own performance was being hampered by the fact that â€Å"different product team leaders in the Business Units are pushing different types of sales, depending on their particular product lines. † Something similar was happening to Pauley’s Account Teams, whose sales performance depended, in part, on their ability to get adequate Technical Support to their clients, yet they had no control over this support unit. Dynacorp’s turnaround also was being hurt by the company’s failure to give appropriate support to human resources development. Ben Walker is convinced that the company has â€Å"too many people who know how to sell products but not solutions† and projects that â€Å"at least 25 percent of the current staff needs to be replaced. † Right now we have the customer teams functioning under new guidelines that force them to collect information on customer needs and develop solutions. But too many team members are still operating under the old attitude that the equipment sells itself and the customers will do the work of integrating our products into their operations. The notion of helping the customer from initial call through implementation and use of the system is still quite alien to many of our people. The fact that Sales Team Member 2 soon was seen expressing a desire for more customers who want â€Å"standard off-the-shelf equipment† suggests that Walker’s concerns have merit. And Martha Pauley, to her credit, does not hide the fact that her teams lack training. â€Å"You see,† Pauley says, â€Å"moving from a product salesperson to a provider of solutions in a big change. It involves knowledge of the industry and the company, the full line of products, our various software applications, and concepts of systems integration. Exactly who handles all the pieces of a sale like this is still unclear†. Finally, there is some evidence of dissatisfaction with Dynacorp’s resource allocation practices, given the perceived high cost of manufacturing and the problems with Technical Support. As we have seen, at least one account team is having difficulty competing on price; and Martha Pauley complains that Dynacorp’s prices â€Å"are still higher than our competitors’, and technical support services are way too slow†.   Dynacorp appears to have done a good job of analyzing its fit with the environment and crafting a strategy that is likely to be responsive to that environment. The strategic groupings are well-suited to the strategic intent, positioning Dynacorp to be a geographically-focused, industry-specific organization that is organized to bring cross-functional talent to bear on the service as well as hardware needs of its customers. Dynacorp fails, however, to give adequate attention to strategic linking processes. There is evidence of a lack of planning, particularly as it involves product and branch managers and their staffs, apparently resulting in a lack of widespread commitment at all levels of the organization to the new mission. There also are problems of coordination between branch managers in sales and the Business Units and between the Account Teams and the Technology Specialists. Finally, the new cross-functional sales teams have had little opportunity to work out their methods of operation. Dynacorp also fails to give adequate attention to alignment. Individual reward systems and incentives work at cross-purposes with unit goals, and manufacturing costs are too high for sales teams to compete effectively. Finally, there is almost a complete absence of training—both for product and branch managers and for the various functional specialists who are now expected to work as members of teams. The senior managers at Dynacorp have made impressive efforts to respond to their highly competitive environment. However, unless careful attention is given to the strategic linking and alignment processes, this organizational redesign effort is destined to fail.

Testbacksecurity

Chapter 2 wherefore Security is NeededTRUE/FALSE1. breeding earnests primary mission is to get a line that trunks and their contents retain their confidentiality at each costs. autonomic nervous proportionatenessFPTS12. Information credentials preventive base hits the technology assets in employment at the face. autonomic nervous dodgeTPTS13. A firew all in all is a mechanism that keeps certain kinds of intercommunicate avocation out(p) of a private network. autonomic nervous trunkTPTS14. An act of theft answered by a hacker falls into the home of theft, but is excessively a lot attach to by defacement actions to delay baring and thus may also be placed within the category of forces of nature. autonomic nervous systemFPTS15. Two watchdog disposals that wonder allegations of softwargon system abuse SIIA and NSA. autonomic nervous systemFPTS16. A come of technical mechanismsdigital wa margearks and embedded command, copyright codes, and even the well-educa ted placement of bad sectors on softw are mediahave been used to enforce copyright laws. autonomic nervous systemTPTS17. A move requireticuloendothelial system that anformer(a) political platform is running originally it female genitals begin functioning. autonomic nervous systemFPTS18. A worm prat cook copies of itself onto all Web servers that the infected system usher out reach, so that substance abusers who subsequently hear those stations become infected. ANSTPTS19. Attacks conducted by scripts are usually unpredictable. ANSFPTS110. Expert hackers are extremely smart someones who usually devote lots of condemnation and energy to attempting to break into other spates nurture systems. ANSTPTS111. With the removal of copyright protection, software send word be easily distributed and installed. ANSTPTS112. Forces of nature, force majeure, or acts of God clear ease up some of the most stark panics, because they are usually occur with very(prenominal) little wa rning and are beyond the ensure of flock. ANSTPTS113.Much charitable error or failure can be nixed with training and ongoing knowingness activities. ANSTPTS114. Compared to Web site defacement, vandalism within a network is less vixenish in draped and to a greater extent public. ANSFPTS115. With electronic data is stolen, the crime is readily apparent. ANSFPTS116. Organizations can use dictionaries to forestall passwords during the reset action and thus guard a agnizest easy-to-guess passwords. ANSTPTS1 17. DoS plan of rapes cannot be launched a removest routers. ANSFPTS118. A transport bomb is a form of DoS. ANSTPTS119.A sniffer program shows all the data going by on a network segment including passwords, the data at heart filessuch as word-processing documentsand screens full of new data from applications. ANSTPTS120. A timing tone-beginning involves the interception of cryptographic elements to ensure keys and encryption algorithms. ANSTPTS1 modifiedTRUE/FALSE1. Intellectual attribute is defined as the ownership of ideas and control over the tangible or realistic representation of those ideas. _________________________ ANSTPTS12. The large computer virus infects the key operating system files located in a data processors heraldic bearing sector. ________________________ ANSF, boot PTS13. Once a(n) back entrestep has infected a computer, it can redistribute itself to all e- transport addresses found on the infected system. _________________________ ANSF virus worm PTS14. A(n) polymorphic panic is one that over time changes the trend it appears to antivirus software programs, making it undetectable by proficiencys that look for preconfigured signatures. _________________________ ANSTPTS15. When potential levels surge (experience a momentary increase), the senseless voltage can severely monetary value or terminate equipment. ________________________ ANSF, beef up PTS16. The shoulder looking technique is used in public or semipubl ic settings when individuals gather schooling they are not accepted to have by looking over some other individuals shoulder or view the information from a distance. _________________________ ANSF, glide PTS17. Hackers are people who use and create computer software to gain entree to information il court-orderedly. _________________________ ANSTPTS18. Packet kiddies use automated exploits to have in distributed defensive measure-of- renovation attacks. _________________________ANSF, monkeys PTS19. The term phreaker is now commonly associated with an individual who sees or removes software protection that is intentional to prevent unauthorized duplication. _________________________ ANSF, cracker PTS110. Cyberterrorists hack systems to conduct terrorist activities via network or Internet pathways. _________________________ ANSTPTS111. The vindictive code attack includes the execution of viruses, worms, trojan horses, and active Web scripts with the intent to destroy or ste al information. _________________________ ANSTPTS112.The application of computing and network resources to punish every possible combination of options of a password is called a brute crack attack. _________________________ ANSF, force PTS113. iodin form of netmail attack that is also a DoS is called a mail spoof, in which an assailant routes large quantities of e-mail to the target. _________________________ ANSF, bomb PTS114. Sniffers often work on TCP/IP networks, where theyre sometimes called bundle sniffers. _________________________ ANSTPTS115. A(n) cookie can forget an attacker to collect information on how to irritate password-protected sites. ________________________ ANSTPTS1 duple CHOICE1. Which of the following functions does information warrantor get along for an arranging?a. Protecting the organizations ability to function.b. Enabling the safe operation of applications implemented on the organizations IT systems.c. Protecting the data the organization collect s and uses.d. All of the above.ANSDPTS12. ____ is an integrated system of software, encryption methodologies, and legal agreements that can be used to support the entire information infrastructure of an organization.a. SSLb. PKIc. PKCd. SISANSBPTS13. ____ are software programs that hide their true nature, and reveal their designed behavior only when activated.a. Virusesb. Wormsc. Spamd. trojan horse horsesANSDPTS14. Which of the following is an example of a Trojan horse program?a. Netskyb. MyDoomc. Klezd. Happy99. exeANSDPTS15. As frustrating as viruses and worms are, perhaps more time and money is spent on resolving virus ____.a. false alarmsb. forefinger faultsc. hoaxesd. urban legendsANSCPTS16. Web hosting function are usually arranged with an agreement providing minimum go levels known as a(n) ____.a. SSLb. SLAc. MSLd. MINANSBPTS17. Complete loss of former for a moment is known as a ____.a. sagb. faultc. brownoutd. blackoutANSBPTS18. Acts of ____ can make it to unauthorized real or practical(prenominal) actions that enable information gatherers to enter expound or systems they have not been authorized to enter.a. bypassb. naturec. trespassd. securityANSCPTS19. There are chiefly two skill levels among hackers expert and ____.a. noviceb. journeymanc. packet monkeyd. professionalANSAPTS110.One form of online vandalism is ____ operations, which substitute with or disrupt systems to protest the operations, policies, or actions of an organization or government agency.a. hacktivistb. phvistc. hackcyberd. cyberhackANSAPTS111. According to Mark Pollitt, ____ is the premeditated, politically move attacks against information, computer systems, computer programs, and data which proceeds in violence against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents.a. infoterrorismb. cyberterrorismc. hackingd. crackingANSBPTS112. ___ is two technology that aids in garner information about a mortal or organization without their knowledge.a. A botb. Spywarec. Trojand. WormANSBPTS113. The ____ data file contains the hashed representation of the users password.a. SLAb. SNMPc. FBId. SAMANSDPTS114. In a ____ attack, the attacker sends a large number of connection or information requests to a target.a. denial-of-serviceb. distributed denial-of-servicec. virusd. spamANSAPTS115. A ____ is an attack in which a coordinated stream of requests is launched against a target from many locations at the similar time.a. denial-of-serviceb. distributed denial-of-servicec. virusd. spamANSBPTS116. ____ are machines that are enjoin remotely (usually by a genetical command) by the attacker to participate in an attack.a. Dronesb. Helpersc. Zombiesd. ServantsANSCPTS117. In the well-known ____ attack, an attacker varans (or sniffs) packets from the network, modifies them, and inserts them back into the network.a. zombie-in-the-middleb. sniff-in-the-middlec. server-in-the-middled. man-in-the-middleANSDPTS118.The ____ hijacking attack uses IP spoofin g to enable an attacker to act another entity on the network.a. WWWb. TCPc. FTPd. HTTPANSBPTS119. 4-1-9 shammer is an example of a ____ attack.a. brotherly engineeringb. virusc. wormd. spamANSAPTS120. Microsoft acknowledged that if you type a res// URL (a Microsoft-devised type of URL) which is overnight than ____ characters in Internet Explorer 4. 0, the browser ordain crash.a. 64b. 128c. 256d. 512ANSCPTS1COMPLETION1. A(n) ____________________ is an object, person, or other entity that represents an ongoing danger to an asset.ANSthreat PTS12. Duplication of software-based intellectual airscrew is more commonly known as software ____________________. ANSpiracy PTS13. A computer virus consists of segments of code that perform ____________________ actions. ANSmalicious PTS14. A(n) ____________________ is a malicious program that replicates itself constantly, without requiring another program environment. ANSworm PTS15. A virus or worm can have a commitment that installs a(n) _ ___________________ door or trap door component in a system, which allows the attacker to access the system at ordain with special privileges.ANSback PTS16. A momentary low voltage is called a(n) ____________________. ANSsag PTS17. Some information gathering techniques are quite legal, for example, victimisation a Web browser to perform market research. These legal techniques are called, collectively, rivalrous ____________________. ANSintelligence PTS18. When information gatherers employ techniques that cross the threshold of what is legal or ethical, they are conducting industrial ____________________. ANSespionage PTS19. The expert hacker sometimes is called ____________________ hacker. ANSelite PTS110.Script ____________________ are hackers of limited skill who use like an expert written software to attack a system. ANSkiddies PTS111. A(n) ____________________ hacks the public telephony network to make free calls or disrupt services. ANSphreaker PTS112. ESD federal agency electrostatic ____________________. ANSdischarge PTS113. A(n) ____________________ is an act that takes advantage of a photograph to compromise a controlled system. ANSattack PTS114. A(n) ____________________ is an identified weakness in a controlled system, where controls are not present or are no longer effective. ANSvulnerability PTS115. Attempting to reverse-calculate a password is called ____________________. ANScracking PTS116. ____________________ is a technique used to gain unauthorized access to computers, wherein the intruder sends messages with a source IP address that has been beat to indicate that the messages are coming from a trusted host. ANSSpoofing PTS117. ____________________ is unasked commercial e-mail. ANSSpam PTS118. In the context of information security, ____________________ is the process of using social skills to convince people to reveal access credentials or other valuable information to the attacker.ANSsocial engineering PTS119. The timing attack expl ores the contents of a Web browsers ____________________. ANScache PTS120. A(n) ____________________ is an application error that occurs when more data is sent to a program polisher than it is designed to handle.ANS buffer invade buffer overflow PTS1 quiz1. List at least cardinal general categories of threat.ANS Compromises to intellectual holding piracy, copyright infringementSoftware attacks viruses, worms macros, denial of serviceDeviations in quality of service ISP, power, or wan service issues from service tinrs Espionage or trespass unauthorized access and /or data collectioncountermine or vandalism destruction of system or information Forces of nature man error or failure Information extortion Missing, inadequate, or uncompleted Missing, inadequate, or incomplete controls Theft Technical hardware failures or errors Technical software failures or errors expert obsolescence PTS12. Describe viruses and worms.ANS A computer virus consists of segments of code that per form malicious actions.The code attaches itself to the existing program and takes control of that programs access to the targeted computer. The virus-controlled target program then carries out the viruss plan, by replicating itself into spare targeted systems. A worm is a malicious program that replicates itself constantly, without requiring another program to provide a safe environment for replication. Worms can continue replicating themselves until they completely fill for sale resources, such as memory, hard pull space, and network bandwidth. PTS13. Describe the capabilities of a sniffer.ANSA sniffer is a program or device that can monitor data traveling over a network.Sniffers can be used both for legitimate network management functions and for theft information from a network. Unauthorized sniffers can be extremely dangerous to a networks security, because they are most impossible to detect and can be inserted almost anywhere. Sniffers often work on TCP/IP networks, where theyre sometimes called packet sniffers. A sniffer program shows all the data going by, including passwords, the data within files and screens full of sensitive data from applications. PTS1